Harlem Renaissance the Hip Hop Movement free essay sample

The Harlem Renaissance and the Hip-Hop Movement are a culmination of co- related cultural art forms that have emerged out of the black experience. White people understood black people more through their expression of art during both movements. Both movements brought about a broad cross-racial following and, ironically, in both instances brought about a better understanding of the black experience for white America. The bridge between Be-Bop and Hip-Hop was made by Quince Jones with the Back on the Block project; which featured such artists as Dizzied Gillespie, Miles Davis, Sarah Vaughn, Ella Fitzgerald, Divine Campbell, Ice Tea, Big Daddy Kane, AH B Sure, Barry White and many others. The artistic elements of both movements include literature, art, music, dance, musical theatre, film etc. Both movements were born out of a desire to find the best possible way of expressing their humanity.[l] The Harlem Renaissance The sasss usually stir up images of speakeasies and flappers, but for one group of Americans the decade became a time of rebirth known as the Harlem Renaissance. We will write a custom essay sample on Harlem Renaissance the Hip Hop Movement or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The Harlem Renaissance or Negro Renaissance is the term applied to the movement f Black Americans from the South to the North during the asses and asses. The Harlem Renaissance, which is also known as the Black Literary Renaissance and The New Negro Movement, began In the neighborhood of Harlem In New York City In which the spirituality and potential of the African-American community was articulated through deferent forms of artistic expression. The Harlem Renaissance was one generation removed from the Civil War. This time period coincided with black migration to the northern cities to look for employment opportunities that became available after World War I because these types of opportunities were not as deadly available to blacks In the South. In the Southern states there was a lack of freedom of expression for African Americans because it was generally demoralized by the Caucasian citizens of the South, with their repressive attitudes and mandates of the old Southern order (black art and other forms of creative expression In black culture was simply censored or manifested itself in an underground forum).The migration to the North, more specifically Harlem, led to African Americans finding an outlet for group expression and self determination as a means of achieving equality and civil rights. This era impacted literature (poetry and prose), music (jazz played in the notorious Cotton Club and elsewhere), visual arts (painting), and acting in musicals. In social clubs Like the Cotton Club. African Americans entertained on stage and waited the customers, while they catered only to white patrons. These white patrons would often travel to Harlem for the exotic entertainment. [2] Until the asss. Harlem was home mostly to Irish Immigrants. When they moved to the upper tip of Manhattan in the Indoor Section, however, the plentiful housing was made available cheaply, and became a magnet for the migrating blacks. Though racism metropolis for blacks. The scales of the economy were unbalanced based on race, so black people had to be creative. Although the Harlem Renaissance demonstrated the creation of a national black culture, during the Harlem Renaissance, African- Americans did not control their economic circumstances.As a result of their lack of control over rent policies, small businesses, banking, and mortgage loans, Harlem became a ghetto. [2] [3] To deal with the poverty that was very real, even before the Depression, Harlem neighbors would often host house rent parties in their railroad flats. Perhaps, considered the most innovative form of black entertainment and an institution created in response to the sorry reality that Harems inflated rents ($12 to $30 a month) were higher than in other areas of Manhattan.Salaries paid to African Americans were lower than those of their white counterparts, the average Harlem resident spent 40 percent of his or her income on rent and if it wasnt paid by Sunday, the landlord put the furniture out on the street on Monday. Rent parties allowed for the residents of Harlem and other poor ghettos to pay their rent on time and avoid eviction. The rent party also represented the way that African-Americans overcame the oppressive surroundings of the ghetto. For example, in Rent Party Jazz, written by William Miller, a Jazz musician gives a rent party in order to raise money for a certain family in need. In this way, rent parties not only assisted people in paying the rent, but it also helped the growth and development of Jazz as a music genre. Through Jazz music and the celebratory nature of the parties, a community was built. [3] [4] The Harlem Renaissance arguably lasted about 15 years and is said to have ended with the onset of the Great Depression. The European American infatuation with the Negro declined in the asses, in large part due to the collapse of the stock market. Also, the depression exposed the economic vulnerability of Harlem, given that much of the real estate in Harlem was owned by European Americans; and when the depression hit, African Americans lost their Jobs at faster rates than European Americans, caused foreclosures on mortgages, evictions from rental properties, and a depression and alienation from the American Dream that was expressed violently in the first modem race riot, the Harlem Riot of 1935. For mom, that riot symbolized that the optimism and hopefulness that had fueled the Harlem Renaissance was dead.The end of the Harlem Renaissance was a personal event occurring when he or she consciously disassociated from the movement. [4] The Hip-Hop Movement The Hip Hop Movement was born out of poverty in New York (more specifically the boroughs of NYC), racism in America, a need for a voice in the Civil Rights Movement, presence of the Black Panther Movement, declined importance of the Church, heroin/ crack epidemic, growing gang influence, loss of fathers in the home, loss of Jobs, loss f community support and an extreme feeling of hopelessness. Music is the most powerful means of human expression.It personifies love, anger, disapproval, happiness and life-experience; music speaks to us because it comes from us. Music allows us to express our feelings about life and it allows us to convey political messages. Each person, in each phase of the human experience in history has instinctively and systematically changed the music of the past to represent the realities of the present. In this century, black music, more specifically Hip Hop/Soul ND passion in such a way that the world had no other choice but to feel its power and be in awe of its brilliance.When one discusses the relationship between Hip- Hop music and the Harlem Renaissance we begin to see some similarities and some differences. [5] What do people think of when they hear the word hip-hop What do you think Usually people will think of a style of music, generally rap. Hip-hop, however, is more than Just music; it is a way of life, a culture. Hip hop as a cultural movement has gone through an independent sequence of movements or changes hat manifested itself in B-boning known as break dancing, free-styling, scratching, beat boxing, graffiti writing, Decaying and Emceeing.DC Cool Here is credited with originating Hip Hop in Bronx, New York. It started as an artistic commitment used to free the participant from oppressive social conditions in the African American, Afro- Caribbean and Latino American communities of New York City in the late asses (with the South Bronx being the epicenter meaning the very center of Hip-hop or the focal It was DC Africa Bumboat who outlined what he called the five liars of hip-hop culture Emceeing, Decaying, breakfasting, graffiti writing and knowledge.In 2003, the Oxford English dictionary added pat, Jaggy, dope, and breakable to the online updates of its dictionary. Slang terms like blind and baby mama are now so conversational that you can hear them spoken on the news. Clothing trends like tracksuits and hoodoos are no longer limited to rappers gear, but are worn by everyone. Other elements include beat boxing, hip hop fashion, and slang. Since first emerging in the Bronx, the lifestyle of hip hop culture has spread around the world. ] When hip hop music began to emerge, it was based around disc Jockeys that created rhythmic beats by looping breaks (small portions of songs emphasizing a percussive pattern) on two turntables, which is now more commonly referred to as sampling. This was later accompanied by rapping (a rhythmic style of chanting or poetry more formally in 16 bar measures or time frames) and beat boxing, a vocal technique mainly used to imitate percussive elements of the music and other tricks of the trade.An original form of dancing and particular styles of dress arose among followers of this genre of music. These elements experienced considerable refinement and development over the course of the history of the culture. Some rappers today use violence and other offensive subjects in the lyrics of their rap music. Gangster Rap is a form of rap expression that became popular during the late asss to mid asss with the insurgence of groups like NNW (Naggers with Attitude) from the west coast. Gangster rap would express hate towards police and women and glorified drugs and murder. This was the ultimate reason for the deaths of two of the greatest rappers of the hip-hop era, Tuba Shaker and Christopher Wallace known as The Notorious B.I. G. Since the deaths Gangster Rap has died down a bit but can still be heard on radio and seen video to date. However, recently there has been a lot more peaceful rap songs emerging because of very real subjects such as wars, poverty and terrorism subjects that everyone can relate to in times like these. [5] Hip-hop has changed dramatically since it originated in the early asss.It has changed from a way to express ones feelings into a business that has everything to do with making lots of money. Most of the lyrics in todays hip-hop music reflect lines about drugs, violence, and fashion, movies, literature (poetry), music, visual arts (painting), and acting. [9] Hip- hip is a multi-million dollar industry that changed the face of fashion. Russell Simmons is one of the most important businessman in the history of rap music. As co-founder of the Deaf Jam label, Simmons street-friendly demeanor and marketing as. Y helped bring hip-hop into the mainstream of American culture and mass media. Hes often been compared to Mouton trailblazer, Berry Gourd, but theres one age difference: Berry Gourd looked for ways to make the music that he was producing (RB) cross-over so that it would be considered respectable by pop audiences and mass media, Simmons ensured that his artists remained as uncompromising and as rebellious as possible. That attitude made hip-hop music of choice for a generation of teenagers simply by staying true to its roots. In fact it is a multi-cultural phenomenon that succeeded on its own terms, thereby, crossing over without making the effort to do so. Russell Simmons went from producing rap music to putting poetry and comedy on television and in theatres. 10] In 1999, Simmons sold the remainder of his 40 percent share of Deaf Jam to Universal Music Group for a reported 100 million dollars, staying on as a nominal chairman. He remains one of the most respected figures in the rap business, and continues to take an active interest in shaping the cultures future direction. 10] One of the many positive side effects of the hip hop culture is that it encourages corporations to recruit a diverse group of individuals. Recruiting minorities who have the pulse of this culture becomes an imperative because the African American market alone has $325 billion in buying power. A multitude of organizations that appeal to the hip hop culture have diversified for competitive advantage, it makes good business sense. For example, half of Universal Music Groups employees are minority.This organization is number one in market share in the U. S. , Europe, Latin American and Australia. The record labels overall market share is 23 percent globally and 25 percent in the U. S. [1 1] There are various Crossover examples during the Harlem Renaissance and the Hip Hop Movement. During the Harlem Renaissance there was a marked increase of writers, Caucasians, and visual artists in New York City; this sparked interest in black culture, especially among upper-middle class white New Yorkers, who came uptown to experience black life. This led to significant relationships between black artists and whites like Carl Van Bechtel who sought to promote the artistic work of blacks. It also sustained nightclubs like the Cotton Club, which had flowerpots that often portrayed blacks as primitive. Black people were forced to portray themselves a certain way in order to be deemed employable. Often times blacks of a very fair complexion loud pass for white in an effort to assimilate amongst the white population, gaining access to clubs like the Cotton Club as a patron.

Roll of Thunder, Hear My Cry Quotes

'Roll of Thunder, Hear My Cry' Quotes Roll of Thunder, Hear My Cry, is an award-winning American novel written by Mildred D. Taylor about a black family living in Mississippi during the Depression-era. The story is narrated by 9-year-old Cassie Logan, who tells the story about her family, their land, and the struggle for survival in the face of racism. In 1977, the novel won the Newbery Medal, an award for exceptional literature for American children. Roll of Thunder, Hear My  Cry, received critical acclaim, and the social commentary it raises remains an enduring topic in American society. Here are some quotes that exemplify the novels themes of racism and culture during the 1930s: Chapter 1 Look out there, Cassie girl. All that belongs to you. You aint never had to live on nobodys place but your own and long as I live and the family survives, youll never have to. Chapter 2 Papa always meant what he said- and he swung a mean switch. Chapter 3 Its them again.  Theys  ridin tonight. Chapter 4 Friends gotta trust each other, Stacey, cause aint nothin like a true friend. The Wallaces did that, children. They poured kerosene over Mr. Berry and his nephews and lit them afire. Chapter 5 Well, you just get your little black self back over there and wait some more. No day in all my life had ever been as cruel as this one. Chapter 6 Big Ma didnt want you hurt. That was the only thing on her mind. Chapter 7 Seems to me if Staceys not smart enough to hold onto a good coat, he  dont  deserve it. These are things they need to hear, baby. Its their history. We aint never gonna lose this land. We Logans dont have much to do with white folks. You know why? Cause white folks mean trouble. Im a Southerner, born and bred, but that doesnt mean I approve of all that goes on here, and there are a lot of other white people who feel the same. Chapter 8 I expect youd best just forget about teaching altogether. Got me better friends than yall! They give me things and treat me like Im a man. Chapter 10 Hes got a need to show us where we stand in the scheme of things. Hes got a powerful need to do that. Chapter 11 Yall decide to hold court out here tonight? Chapter 12 Theres smoke coming from my forest yonder! What happened to T.J. in the night I did not understand, but I knew that it would not pass. And I cried for  those things  which had happened in the night and would not pass.

Question and Answer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Question and Answer - Essay Example d by the pictures in the book and they can be able to predict the next writings and the next picture thus making use of their memory and the beginning knowledge. Children try to build their vocabulary on the basis of what they have heard and they can easily remember. Children try to complete what they hear or see to get satisfaction or disruption if not well predicted. The playfulness and the general activities done by the child depend on the content the child has been fed with. Rhythm from a musical language that is used in a picture book once it has got into the child, it travels through the kid’s legs and arms making the child make movements that go in line with the rhythm of the book. The young learners tend read very loud the few sentences that accompany the pictures in the picture book. This is necessitated by the fact that the language used in the sentences has capturing rhythms and stresses in their structures in addition to the captivating pictures. Children concentrate most to pages in the picture books that contain pictures and the few words that are expressive enough. Pages that that are not expressive enough, make children to lack concentration and subsequent distracted eyes, whispering to each other and even restless legs that can end up disturbing even the few who are concentrating Musicality is a key component in a picture book because musical attributes like imagery and rhythm are used to enhance musicality in a picture book thus appealing to the child.†Whistling wind, rolling thunder, screeching cats, creaking floorboards, turning doorknobs-sounds from afar and sounds getting closer; the stuff of spooky stories, ghosts and haunted houses in the night† (Cheng 2012 pg. 1-2). The use of –ing at the end of the words brings the regular rhyme scheme that is best suited for musicality. This musicality is what that makes the picture book enjoyable to children. Both music and picture books are used for the development of the child especially

Discuss the impactof law on business enviroment (add two real eamples Assignment

Discuss the impactof law on business enviroment (add two real eamples at least) - Assignment Example The financial crisis that began in 2007 crippled many businesses and affected nearly the entire world. While financial crisis in the economy is inherent to a great extent, the current financial crisis began as a result of the state being unable to manage the risks associated with the wish to produce better yields. As the entire financial institution began to collapse with the bankruptcy of the Lehman Brothers, the government failed to take any preventive steps to control the situation. The steps that were taken were more reactive in nature and thus failed to be truly effective. According to an estimate by IMF, the total global financial loss suffered by the recent crisis amounts to 2.2 trillion US dollars1. In this paper, we attempt to understand how different countries over the world reacted to the financial crisis by implementing their own state regulations. These countries include USA, UK, Russia, Japan and China. The paper would work on a critical analysis of the regulation impos ed and whether they brought about the desired impact. Reasons behind the Global Financial Crisis The Global Financial Crisis, that impacted the entire world, originated from the United States. The financial system within US backfired as a result of lack of risk management practices. The main contributor of the financial crisis was the subprime mortgage loans that were made available to the public without proper control and management. Mortgage companies were forced to relax their policies in order to increase their own shares in the market by increasing loans to the buyers. Also the Clinton government pushed for providing more loans to low and medium income families. As mortgage companies increased loans to buyers, they failed to ensure that the loans were given to deserving parties who would repay the loans on time. As mortgage companies failed to collect their loans, the number of bad debts increased to alarming numbers2. The capital that flew from the mortgage companies was provi ded by investors who gained confidence in the companies as a result of the rating provided by the credit rating agencies. These credit rating agencies took to taking money from mortgage and other financial institutions to provide a better picture of the organization. Also the credit rating agencies provided advice to such clients on ways to improve their rating by structuring securities to suit their own position3. It was this manipulation of the financial standards that subsequently led to the fall of the financial institutes within US. As US banks began to suffer losses and filed to bankruptcy, it impacted the rest of the world since US is the main guarantor of the financial world globally. Impact of Global Financial Crisis The global financial crisis though began from United States impacted the whole world. The most disastrous impact of the crisis was perhaps on the financial sector. Banks all over the world filed for bankruptcy including some of the biggest financial institution s such as the Lehman Brothers. Even though the IMF, World Bank and stable governments came up to help their own local banks and also banks in the emerging economies, but still capital was reduced to a great extent. This impacted the flow of capital in existing and new businesses around the world. Also as banks around the world were either closing down or merging into bigger institutions, the confidence of the consumers in the financial market was negatively affected. As banks and other financi

How is the cultural diversity of Manchester reflected in the city Essay

How is the cultural diversity of Manchester reflected in the city today - Essay Example After the second World War the migrant communities arrived in great numbers to help rebuild the industries. The immigrants were mainly from the Commonwealth including India, Pakistan, Jamaica and West Indies, and also from Ireland and China. Manchester has a unique sense of national and cultural diversity. According to Taylor et al (1996) the city’s strategic location between a geographic frontier to the north, and an economic frontier to the south, and its distinctive regional openness enabled it to become a kind of Eldorado. From the early nineteenth century, not only English labourers from neighbouring areas, but people from other countries such as Ireland, Scotland, Germany, from Greece and Italy migrated towards Manchester. Significantly, specific localities became colonized by particular migrant groups. Most of the 30,000 Irish immigrants clustered together in Little Ireland at the lower end of Oxford Street, and large numbers of poor, rural immigrants from Cumbria settled in different areas. In contemporary Manchester, it is evident that ostensibly similar, geographically close regions are occupied by diverse ethnic groups of different ethnic mixes. A common feature for all the ethnic minorities is their shared experience of generalized subordination under the white â€Å"host society† of England (Taylor et al, 1996). Thus, Manchester has been colonized in whole areas by particular ethnic or migrant groups: Moss Side by West Indian; Cheetham Hill by Asians; Prestwich by the Jewish; Chorlton by the Irish, etc (Taylor et al, 1996). Further, the borough of Manchester, the central city in the agglomeration forming Greater Manchester, is the main location of residence for the Black ethnic minority group (Musterd et al, 1998). Taylor et al (1996, p.200) express their concern that â€Å"this process of residential dispersal and domination results in a kind of de facto apartheid of different ethnic groups†, which opposes the liberal concept of a multicultural

Tartuffe by Jean-Baptiste Poquelin Moliere

Tartuffe by Jean-Baptiste Poquelin Moliere Tartuffe is a comedy of manners written by Jean-Baptiste Poquelin Moliere in 1759 during the enlightenment period of history. In this work, Moliere attacks the hypocrisy and corruption that had gradually crept into some of the old man-made institutions such as the church and the aristocracy. As the plot unfolds, and the struggle between rational and irrational characters develops, Molieres enlightened reasoning becomes visible in the reflection of the folly and absurdity that he builds into the targets of his satire. The contrast between the behaviors that Moliere assigns to his stereotyped characters and the popular perception of these same characters in real life creates a wide gap raising questions in the minds of the reader. This reconciling of fact with fiction causes a rising of tension that is dispelled through laughter. With this in mind, Molieres ideas for fixing things can be learned by examining the opposite attributes of these characters. For instance, the opposite of dis honesty is honesty. The opposite of hypocrisy is integrity, and the opposite of blindly accepting the percepts of demagogues is free thinking. Thus, Molieres advocating of honesty, integrity and freedom of thought in the church and upper classes of society qualifies him to be counted among the leaders of the enlightenment movement in the eighteenth century. In Act I, Scene 1 of Tartuffe, Madame Pernelle is visiting her son Orgons home when she becomes irritated at the household members and visitors for not paying enough attention and respect to her. It is at this time that Dorine, Maryanes ladies-maid, further angers Madame Pernelle over comments she makes about Tartuffe, Orgons house guest. Madame Pernelle defends Tartuffe, Well, mark my words, your souls would fare far better if you obeyed his precepts to the letter. Dorine replies, You see him as a saint. Im far less awed; In fact, I see right through him. Hes a fraud In this exchange, Moliere portrays Dorine as a voice of reason in order for Madame Pernelle to be clearly seen as pompous and irrational. In the end, it becomes obvious that Madame Pernelle would have been wise to take heed to Dorines rational counsel. Another confrontation between the rational and irrational can be followed in Act I, Scene 5 as Cleante tries to talk to Orgon about his misplaced admiration of Tartuffe. Orgon tells Cleante, Oh, had you seen Tartuffe as I first knew him your heart, like mine, would have surrendered to him. Cleante responds, And, while your praise of him is quite sincere, I think that youve been dreadfully deluded. This is one of the major faults that Moliere finds with the aristocracy, blindly following the precepts of another instead of thinking for themselves. Once again, had Orgon listened to Cleantes rational advice, he would have avoided all the trouble that followed. Also, in another conversation in Act V, Scene 2 as Orgon finally discovers the truth about Tartuffe, he tells Cleante, Just think of it: behind that fervent face, a heart so wicked, and a soul so base! I took him in, a hungry beggar, and thenEnough, by God! Im through with pious men: To this statement, Cleante answers, Ah, there you go-extravagant as ever! Why can you not be rational? You never manage to take the middle course, it seems, but jump, instead, between absurd extremes Moliere is presenting a contrast between the shallow, emotionally clouded thinking of the aristocracy and the rational thinking of the enlightened. Cleante is trying to advise Orgon to calm down and use rational thinking to put these upsetting events into proper perspective. If Orgon could do this he would not have gotten himself into such an awful predicament. In Act II, Scene 2, Moliere continues to chip away at the aristocracy by drawing attention to Orgons tyrannical domination of family members, especia lly Maryane. When she tries to resist Orgons decision to have her marry Tartuffe, he states, In short, dear Daughter, I mean to be obeyed, and you must bow to the sound choice Ive made In Elmires interaction with Tartuffe, reason is once again seen triumphing over hypocrisy and deceit. It seems that among the several vices covertly enjoyed by Tartuffe is his lust for the ladies, and one of the services he graciously offers to Orgon is to keep a close eye on his attractive wife, Elmire, to insure her fidelity to him. However, when Orgon announces that he has decided to give the hand of his daughter, Maryane, in marriage to Tartuffe, Elmire intervenes. She attempts unsuccessfully to privately persuade Tartuffe to allow Maryane to marry her original fiancà ©e Valere. During this encounter, Tartuffe makes improper advances toward Elmire saying, In short, I offer you, my dear Elmire, love without scandal, pleasure without fear. Then, after declining this proposal, Elmire tries to reason with him by promising not to tell Orgon about his momentary loss of control, if he would release Maryane from her obligation to marry him. Elmire says, But I shall be discreet about you r lapse, Ill tell my husband nothing about what has occurred if in return, youll give your solemn word to advocate as forcefully as you can the marriage of Valere and Mariane. In the final analysis, it is Tartuffe who with no visible redeeming qualities plays the heavy weight villain. Elmire, being a person of reason, is seen pitted against his irrational and deceitful behavior as he begins to reveal his true colors as a self-serving, pious fraud, and hypocrite to the end. The very idea of Tartuffe, an old fat middle aged man, marring an attractive young woman such as Maryane is absurd to everyone except Orgon and Tartuffe. Elmire fails in her attempt to negotiate with Tartuffe and is forced by the marriage dilemma to formulate a different plan to deal with the situation. This new plan involves Orgon hiding under the table and finally gives Tartuffe enough rope to hang himself or at least expose himself as a con artist to everyone involved including the king himself. If all the irrational characters in Tartuffe had taken the advice of all the rational characters, there would have been no tale to tell. Everyone would have smoothly conducted their business successfully without friction. Considering that events did not move ahead with ease, but did finally work out satisfactorily, it could mean that the irrational characters had accepted and acted upon enough of the advice from the rational characters that a good result was finally achieved in the end with a little luck from the King. Had all the irrational characters taken the advice of all the rational characters there would have been nothing to write. Throughout Tartuffe, Moliere uses satire to champion the cause of reason and chip away at what he perceives to be unnecessary and destructive practices and beliefs that had gradually encrusted many of the old institutions of the day. He pays particular attention to hypocrisy in the established church. He sees avarice and corruption in the way the church exercises massive political power over its members and in the accumulation of great wealth by many church officials. Being a comedy of manners, Moliere also finds the blind trust that the aristocracy seems to place in the old social institutions of the day to be particularly worthy of his biting humor. He feels that each individual was given a mind capable of doing its own thinking, and that mind should be used freely and often to guide his path.

Abortion: The Fetus Has A Right To Live Essays -- Abortion, Pro Life E

Globally, the practice of abortion terminates millions of pregnancies every year. In the United States alone, abortion â€Å"peaked in 1990 (1.6 million), and public support for abortion peaked soon thereafter†. This statistic was averaged to 1.3 million every year. Historically, two opposing groups have emerged in debates over abortion-the â€Å"Pro-life† and the â€Å"Pro-choice.† The main question is in the determination of whether a fetus is â€Å"human† or â€Å"nonhuman.† The pro-life camp believes that the fetus is a human from the moment of conception, and any attempt to remove an early pregnancy is simply an act of â€Å"murder†, and a denial of life to the helpless unborn. This assumption receives vigorous opposition from the pro-choice activists, who focus their arguments on compassion and freedom of choice of the women as a solution to unwanted pregnancies, such as those caused by rape, incest, family planning, and other unexp ected pregnancies. I do not regard myself against any freedom of choice, but I do strongly believe that life begins at conception; therefore, the guilt of circumstances should not be extended to the fetus. Since reproduction is a natural process, the fruit of that process also has some inherent rights that should not be terminated by the reprehensible practice of abortion. Because the fetus is unable to defend its own rights, society needs to guarantee that the rights of the fetus are not trumped by the rights of the parents (Ponnuru, 2006). The balancing of different rights is not always easy to attain. Abortion rights are at the heart of the US Constitution. Whitman discusses the declining support of â€Å"a woman’s right to choose to have an abortion free from state coercion without any sustained effort on the part of ... ...s over those who are still nonverbal. By definition, the two words human and person both refer to one body. As established scientifically, a fetus and a person are the same, in the sense that both are simply a huge number of cells existing as one unit. The only difference is in the number of cells. Therefore, since a cell is defined as a unit of life, the fetus has the same life and natural right to live as any adult (Ponnuru, 2006). References Carlin Jr., D. R. (1991, September 13). The new old abortion battle. Commonwealth, 118(5), pp. 504-505. Condon, G. M. (1991, June 24).You say choice, I say murder. Christianity Today, pp. 20-24. O’Neill, T. (2002, December 2). The heart of healing Report Newsmagazine (Nation Edition), 29(23). pp. 34. Ponnuru, R. (2006, May 8). Winning and losing, on abortion. Nation Review, 58(8), pp. 34-37.